番茄种质资源遗传多样性分析与RAPD应用

对我们种质库中的29份番茄材料的观察结果,证明其中至少保存有10对以上的形态学基因的变异,10对基因将可提供不同基因重组的巨大可能性,在一定程度上反映出种质资源库保存遗传多样性的潜力。对取自种质库中的6份樱桃番茄材料所配制的7个F1代果实品质的性状调查结果初步显示,有些品质性状存在优于市场上销售品的可能。用18个引物对6个樱桃番茄亲本及其所配制的8个F1进行RAPD扩增的结果,有12个引物可以扩增,不同引物能显示被检测种质多态性的相对能力也不相同。既能在多数材料中扩增,又能够有效的显示多态性的引物分别是：A11,K05,C15和A17,其中K05和A11能产生最多的扩增带。另外,引物A11和C19可用于2013B,B11可用于2018A杂交种的纯度检验。并初步探讨了双引物扩增的结果。     

Characterization of eight polymorphic microsatellite loci from the Bengalese finch (Lonchura striata var. domestica)

Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from the Bengalese finch (Lonchura striata var. domestica). In analyses of 25 individuals, the number of alleles ranged from two to four, and observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.05 and 0.73. At four loci, the observed heterozygosity of the Bengalese finches was significantly different from the expected heterozygosity. Primer sets were also tested in Javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides), and the same eight loci were successfully amplified. In analyses of 20 unrelated individuals, the number of alleles ranged from one to seven, and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.56. In Javan munia, the observed heterozygosity differed significantly from the expected heterozygosity in only one locus.     

毛果猴子木的胚胎学观察及山茶属胚胎学特征比较

首次报道了毛果猴子木 ( Cam ellia yunnanensis( Pitard ex Diels) Cohen Stuart var. camellioides( H u)Ming)雌雄配子体的形成和发育过程 ,并对业已报道的 8种山茶属植物的主要胚胎学特征进行了比较。结果显示 ,胚胎学性状在山茶属内具有较大的相似性 ,腺质绒毡层、同时型小孢子母细胞减数分裂、二细胞成熟花粉、倒生胚珠、双珠被、薄珠心、单孢原、合点端功能大孢子、葱型胚囊发育等特征为各代表种共有 ,主要的不同在于珠被绒毡层的有无、卵器和反足细胞的分化情况。笔者初步推测了这些差异在系统演化上的意义。     

射干和马蔺的花粉形态

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜 ,对射干和马蔺的花粉粒进行了观察与研究。二者的花粉粒均为长球形 ,左右对称 ,不等极 ,具单沟 (远极沟 ) ,射干花粉粒外壁网状饰纹较粗 ,网脊稍弯曲 ,网胞大 ,网眼中有颗粒 ;马蔺花粉粒外壁网状饰纹较细 ,网脊平滑 ,网胞小 ,网眼中无颗粒。     

贵州青岩油杉种群年龄结构和动态的研究

研究了青岩油杉种群年龄结构的类型,动态规律及其与群落演替和环境之间的相互关系。结果表明,青岩油杉种群年龄结构有增长型,稳定型,始衰型和中衰型4类,存活曲线呈现凹型,凸型,间断型和散点型,随着群落的发育和演替,青岩油杉种群年龄结构的变化趋势为增长型→稳定型→衰退型→残留型。青岩油杉本身的生物生态学特性,群落内阔叶树的发展,地理隔离,人为干扰等是影响青岩油杉种群年龄结构及其动态变化的重要因素。     

厚皮甜瓜(Cucumis melo var. reliculatus)的快速繁殖

以厚皮甜瓜 (Cucumismelovar.reliculatus)西薄洛托带腋芽茎段为外植体进行离体快速繁殖研究。结果表明 :在MS BA 0 .5～ 1 .0mg/L IAA 0 .1mg/L的培养基上利于诱导形成丛生芽 ,芽的月增殖系数达到 1 1以上 ;在 1 /2MS IAA 0 .5mg/L培养基上并经暗处理 3d最易生根 ,生根率 90 % ;在蛭石 :草炭土 =1 :1 (体积比 )基质中移栽驯化效果好。试管植株定植大田后种性不变 ,生长和结果习性优于种子苗。     

Development of microsatellite markers in white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica)

Betula platyphylla var. japonica is a typical pioneer tree species in the secondary succession in northern Japan. We describe the cloning and characterization of 13 polymorphic, codominant microsatellite loci isolated from this species. These polymorphic loci had 2–8 alleles per locus and a range of expected heterozygosities from 0.050 to 0.808.     

气相色谱/质谱法研究栀子花头香成分

The floral volatiles of Gardenia jasminodes vat. grandiflora were investigated by adsorption wire/GC/MS. As a result 86 compounds were separated and determined, which amount to 98.5% of the total volatiles. The main compounds were linalool, β-myrcene, methyl benzoate, L-limonene, ocimene, cis-3-hexenyl tiglate, cis-3-hexenylisovalerate, iso-amyltiglate, etc.     

Quantitative variation in monoterpenes in four species of conifers

Eighteen monoterpenes found in bole and foliage volatiles of four sympatric species of conifers, Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm., interior spruce, Picea engelmannii×glauca, and interior fir, Abies lasiocarpa×bifolia, in three locations in British Columbia, Canada, were analysed for quantitative variation (N=10 trees per sample) using standard and chiral gas chromatography. There was significant variation in monoterpene composition between bole and foliage in all four species. Principal components analysis revealed that the monoterpene profile of coastal Douglas-fir was significantly different from trees in the interior, supporting the hypothesis that coastal and interior populations represent distinct chemotypes. Although the four species did not differ qualitatively, there were significant differences in their quantitative monoterpene profiles in both bole and foliage. These differences were large enough to suggest that host selection by four species of coniferophagous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), specific to each of the above tree species, may depend in part on perception of, and behavioural response to quantitatively distinct blends of monoterpenes.